Define Culture Essay

â€Å"A person without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots.†- Marcus Garvey. This says that a person is defined by his or her culture by the way he/she acts, thinks, and speaks. A person is defined by his or her culture by the way he or she thinks. A person see’s the world differently so the way they think and act would be distinct. They would think differently because of the different backgrounds that they have. In the story â€Å"Imagine†, it says â€Å"you may say I’m a dreamer, but I’m not the only one. I hope someday you’ll join us and the world will live as one†. John Lennon explains how people think he’s different because of what he is. He also says how people aren’t all the same but he wishes that one day we were. He wishes that one day we will all see the world the same and we would be the same. A person is defined by his or her culture by the way he or she’ s history, family tree, and he or she’s way of life. A person is defined by his or her culture because it effects the way they act or speak. In the story â€Å"Where I’m From,† George States â€Å"†¦leaf fall from the family tree†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This example from the text explains that every detail, moment, or where she is from in the poem is from her family tree. It’s saying the poem are moments or cultural things that effected her or shaped her as a person. The things she shares in the poem are all from her families history or culture (family tree). Although others may argue that culture doesn’t effect your education, other people don’t always agree,because their culture has taught them everything they know.An example on how culture defines your education is that people can attend any school , but when they are being taught, they realize that it is different from what they know. In the story, â€Å"An Indian Father’s Plea,† the protagonist argues, â€Å"My son is culturally â€Å"different.† If you ask him how many months are in a year he will probably tell you 13. He will respond this way not because he doesn’t know how to count but because he was taught by our people that there are 13 full moons in a year.† This quote demonstrates that even though he is Indian, he is culturally different because his culture has taught him what he knows. Your families history, education, and your view or the way you think all contribute on how your culture defines you. It’s obvious that any person would benefit from he or she’s culture.

Ben nighthorse campbell

Different people would have known him differently; some would remember him as who he was before he became popular in the eyes of the public: a farmer and a police officer, even a jeweller or a world class judo fighter . But for the greater majority, particularly his constituents, Ben Nighthorse Campbell was a public servant who gave a lot to the public through the things that he did during his several years of tenure while serving in public office from the congress to the senate and every minor office in between that goes with the elected position.Several important individuals in different fields shower Senator Campbell with very complimenting words – referring to him as someone who is â€Å"dedicated†, as someone who is considered as an â€Å"accomplished public servant† . History believed he was a political leader who possessed charm, someone who is sincere and has a strong set of leadership qualities . One other description of him is that he is a fighter then and now. His background in the military, in judo and even in the streets when he was young, was a testament to that. In politics, he never changed his attitude.He was described as a straight-shooter , while other critics view him as someone who is shooting from the hips . Because of the significance of senator Campbell, the purpose of this paper is to discuss Senator Campbell’s life, with focus on his career as a senator and as a congressman and mentioning also his roles in the military, in the American judo history, notes on his personal life before and during his political life and his role in the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial and Museum, National Museum of the American Indian and in the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs.II. Campbell’s Life Born on April 13, 1933, Senator Ben Nighthorse Campbell is one of the few politicians of note who rose in the political circles carrying proudly his Indian ancestry. â€Å"He is proud of his Native American heritage . † His sense of pride and loyalty to his roots and to his culture was seen through his actions as well as through his clothing; it was as if he was wearing his culture, identity and heritage. For example, he was seen wearing â€Å"ceremonial tribal clothing† as he attended the opening of the National Museum of American Indian (NMAI) .It was considered as a â€Å"major aspect† that has created, established and sustained the overall â€Å"persona† that is Senator Campbell all throughout his life, especially during his political life . Campbell’s personality of hinging so much of who he is as he presents himself to the public on his being a Native American Indian was just enough for people to forget that there were actually men who preceded Campbell who, just like him, were partly Native American Indian and also won elected public office.One of them served in an office even higher than Campbell’s – and that would be Charles Curtis, who w ould eventually become the first vice president of the United States who is a Native American Indian. â€Å"The highest elected office ever held by an Indian in the US was the vice presidency . † Unlike Campbell, Curtis was from the Kaw tribe hailing from Kansas. In his vein was quarter of blood from this tribe. Also, he was an attorney before getting elected, unlike the more blue-collar type of jobs that Campbell pursued early in his life before shifting to jewellery designing and production later on.Nonetheless, both elected men are good and honorable men who made the Native American Indian community proud. But even with men like Curtis and how they were ‘bigger’ men politically, the Indians appreciate Campbell’s efforts at staying with his packaging as the American Indian holding office at the senate and at the congress. This personality/attitude more than compensates for the fact that he was not the first of his kind. â€Å"Although not the first Nati ve American senator, he is the first to make a statement with his Indianness. † Indeed, he, too, was a record maker of sorts, and in many ways.This is what the paper will explore throughout the discussion on the different aspects of personal and political life of Senator Campbell, who, in November 3, 1992 made a historic feat by becoming the first American politician with Native American roots to be elected as a senator. It was something that hasn't happened in more than the six decades that has passed in the senate history prior to his election to the office. Prior to that, he became the sixth politician with Native American heritage and ancestry to be ever elected to the congress, a seat that was given to him through the votes of the public for three times .Senator Campbell's Indian heritage is no secret. In fact, it seems that it is one of his many major personal characteristics that the media, as well as his colleagues, often refer to or address, particularly his being Ind ian, and his respectful stature in the Indian community, like being a Northern Cheyenne Tribe chief, a position he and only 43 others possess . Because of Campbell’s pride towards his heritage, his people in return are doing ways to let Campbell know that his act of holding on to his Native American Indian roots and not covering it up with modern day personality just to suit his high echelon colleagues and.So that he will suit their taste for a particular company, his native Cheyenne are going out on a limb just to celebrate the victory of one of their most accomplished sons. For example, many Cheyenne individuals joined the parade. Some of them spent as much as they can spare just to lavish Campbell and the parade with the decorations fitting to the act of congratulations coming from the Cheyenne tribe. Some actually spent more than they could spare just so they can claim Campbell as their own and they can show how proud they are of Campbell.â€Å"Six of the riders were Nor thern Cheyenne, who had bankrupted themselves to show the world that Campbell was one of their own . † Despite his Indian American / Native American Indian roots, Campbell was a Catholic from the time his mother, also a devoted catholic, had him baptized when he was still a baby by bringing him and his sister Alberta to a church to be baptized just close to the time Campbell was born, until the time when he seemed to have had a falling out with the Catholic faith.But Campbell, during his adult life and especially during his tenure as public office politician, drifted from religion, and proof of this is the item â€Å"unspecified† marked on the space allotted for the identification of religious affiliation of the individual. This distinction, again, made Senator Campbell someone who is different from the rest of the field in the 106th Congress. He was the only one whose religious affiliation was unspecified, although there were no clear explanation(s) why such was the ca se – it could be anyone's guess, from clerical error, mistake, or other reasons .His sudden dissociation with the Catholic faith was a surprising turn of events for Campbell. There are many good things that the Catholic faith has done for Campbell, especially during his youth. For example, there is the role of the faith during the times they were sent to the orphanage by their parents because they cannot take care of him and his sister because of their mother's sickness and their father's alcoholism and inability to financially support them.While the Catholic faith and the orphanage system had their share of bad reputation, history points how the Catholic experience was a relatively good one for Campbell. In retrospect, Campbell recalled how the nuns and priests, who took care of him when his parents were unable to take care of him, treated him well. In his recollection of his days with these priests and nuns, as he narrated it for his biography published in book form, he men tioned just several instances wherein he was punished like being sent inside a pig pen to be with a huge pig.

Relationships and Human Behavior Perspectives Essay

Reviewing human behaviors from different perspectives, including the five main perspectives of biological, learning, social and cultural, cognitive, and psychodynamic influences, can sometimes shed light on why humans act the way they do. Using these perspectives to review how relationships begin, develop, and are maintained can provide a deeper understanding and context of this phenomenon. Framing love relationships with these different perspectives also helps to show how the perspectives themselves differ or are similar in relation to how they consider relationships as being formed and maintained. The biological perspective contends that innate causes drive human behavior. Specifically, this perspective states that the actions of the nervous system and genetic heredity lead to different types of behavior (McLeod, 2007). From this perspective, hormonal reactions and feelings of reinforcement in the brain that are associated with a particular individual lead people to start relationships (McLeod, 2007). Additionally, the relationship is maintained because humans have an innate desire to reproduce and pass their own genetic material on to their offspring, and in order to drive this urge, the brain continues to trigger feelings of pleasure and hormonal releases to strengthen the association between a given person and good feelings (McLeod, 2007). This perspective is somewhat unique from the other ones in how it views relationships, because it claims that advanced cognitive processes are not even necessary for a relationship to last; instead, only biochemical processes are required . The next type of perspective, the learning perspective, claims that learning through association leads to specific behaviors, and that individuals will generally learn to enact behaviors that they see are rewarded (Mikkelson & Pauley, 2013). From this perspective, humans form relationships because they see other relationships, such as those of their parents, externally rewarded, and come to associate the notion of â€Å"love† with reward. The rewards that one receives from a relationship, such as attention, compassion, or even financial security, are associated with â€Å"love† over time, which strengthens the relationship and makes people more likely to  maintain a relationship after they have been involved in it for some time (Mikkelson & Pauley, 2013). Like the biological perspective, the learning perspective deems relationship behavior as something beyond humans’ conscious control and does not necessarily require conscious thought, although the learning perspective does not claim to know the internal processes that drive it, and it does require that humans have at least the ability to learn in order for them to be involved in relationships (Mikkelson & Pauley, 2013). Social and cultural perspectives claim that humans are ingrained with what constitutes â€Å"right† behavior through socialization. Because people grow up, in many cases, in households with married parents, or at least where the parents date other individuals, children learn early on that relationships are not only acceptable, but actually desirable (McLeod, 2007). This notion is further reinforced through messages given to the child through the media, their friends and other family members, and most people they come in contact with, all of whom deem â€Å"love† to be one of the highest goals a person can achieve. Individuals therefore seek out relationships in their teen years because they have been told that it is a positive objective to strive toward, and they are further reinforced in their views by their partner and others who know them after dating or getting married, which leads the person to continue their relationship (McLeod, 2007). This perspective is unlike the learning and biological perspectives in that it does not rely on reflexes or innate drives, but instead requires complex thought, and, moreover, socialization; a person living outside of society would likely have no desire to be in a relationship, according to this perspective. The cognitive perspective claims that human thought is what drives all behavior. In this sense, then, humans enter relationships because they see relationships as something that they desire, and which will provide them with some type of enjoyment or reward for seeking out (Mikkelson & Pauley, 2013). If they find that they do receive some type of benefit from dating a person, they will make the decision to develop the relationship further, learning more about the person and perhaps even getting married, if they believe that they are sufficiently compatible with the other person for the  relationship to last and continue to be rewarding (Mikkelson & Pauley, 2013). This perspective, like the social and cultural perspective, is very reliant on human thought as a driver of relationships, but the cognitive perspective deems relationships an individual choice rather than a result of societal pressure. Lastly, the psychodynamic perspective contends that behavior is due to interactions between the conscious and the subconscious mind. A relationship might begin because a member of the opposite sex might remind an individual of the loving relationship they had with their parents, but in order to sublimate the inappropriate desire for one’s parents, the individual seeks out a relationship with a person outside of their family. The relationship is maintained because it provides the person with ego fulfillment (McLeod, 2007). Like the cognitive and social perspectives, the psychodynamic perspective describes relationships in terms of human thought and cognitive activity, but unlike those other perspectives, the psychodynamic outlook believes that humans are essentially bound to enter into relationships, because it ascribes the behavior to innate drives. In this sense, the psychodynamic perspective is somewhat like the biological perspective. All of these different perspectives, then, can provide different types of insight into human relationships. References McLeod, S. (2007). Psychology Perspectives. Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/ Mikkelson, A. C., & Pauley, P. M. (2013). Maximizing Relationship Possibilities: Relational Maximization in Romantic Relationships. Journal Of Social Psychology, 153(4), 467-485. doi:10.1080/00224545.2013.767776

The IASB at a Crossroads Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The IASB at a Crossroads - Assignment Example IFRS ensures high quality standards in financial reporting of financial statements globally by promoting transparency, accountability and integrity in financial reporting. High quality financial reports enable the making of effective decisions IFRS decreases the cost of capital and provides institutional investors with the ability to make well-informed decisions by comparing investment portfolio. Companies trading in the stock market are required to comply with IFRS. IFRS helps to reduce information asymmetry and reduces transaction costs thus reducing the cost of capital. This helps attract Foreign Direct Investments. IFRS also promotes better management control systems. Despite the benefits adoption of IFRS faces quite a number of challenges. There is lack of public awareness on the use of IFRS and its benefits to regulatory authorities and investors. This is because of lack of information on IFRS. There is chronic shortage of competent professionals in some countries especially developing countries to implement IFRS. Most of these countries still use previous accounting practices which IFRS is phasing out. The IASB is ambiguous in its requirement on the adoption of IFRS globally. For instance, the less developed countries would simply adopt the standards without putting in appropriate legislative measures. A few industry players would adopt IFRS and yet the country would be registered as an adopter of IFRS. The IASB can promote updating of academic curricula in universities and training institutions across the world in order to raise public awareness on the use of IFRS and raise competent professionals who can implement IFRS. IASB can continuously publish pronouncements and embark on capacity building programs on IFRS to provide more information to investors and regulatory

Management - Integrative Paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Management - Integrative - Term Paper Example There are usually two types of organizational change: Initiated or planned change and unplanned or reactive change. The first one refers to a situation where there is a deliberate adoption of new processes and methods of operations. In regard to managerial view of planned change, it originates from the individual who has experience in the particular day-to-day operations and, therefore, is the proposer of the change and implementer as well (Hughes, 2006). Unplanned or reactive change is one which occurs spontaneously and which does undergo a conscious and rational process for its implementation. It is also critical to understand that change within an organization can be both internally and externally generated. As such, the approach towards organizational change management seems to be varied and the complexity within such approaches varies depending on the nature of the situation and the human relations therein (Hayes, 2010). The subsequent discussion shall focus on organized change and change management processes within the organization. Discussion Building the guiding team The importance of the organizational role in achieving its own objectives cannot be stressed enough. The organization’s role is heavily dependent on the ability to attain cohesion within the efforts of individuals, teams and management within the organization. The two authors collectively address themselves to this concern, highlighting its ever-growing importance within the global trade. Kotter and Cohen (2002) place emphasis on the people’s quality and the ability to create cohesive efforts within the change-led team. It identifies and elaborates the role of human impact in change management as irreplaceable. Firstly, the proposals for such alterations in the mode of organizational operations are intimated by the person(s) in charge of the operational function, i.e., the person who actively and directly engages in that level of activity is the identifier of more efficient wa ys of performing the role, thus proposes the changes for evaluation. Secondly, the proposed change(s) needs be assessed in light of the impact on people. Change is likely to elicit resistance from members in the organization. This is one of the prime challenges for managers in the introduction and managing change in the firm (Alvesson & Sveningsson, 2007). Getting the vision right However, the authors take two different approaches in examining this concept. According to Ivancevich et al. (2011), the global approach focuses on individual behavior within the organizational setting in response to setting â€Å"right† organizational goals. Kotter and Cohen (2002) address the global trade question by focusing on how change can be effected within the organization to better increase their capacity to handle the emergent global business environment through an eight-step process. The problem with the former strategy lies in its simplification of goal setting within the organization. I n practice, however, organizations are faced with a multiplicity of goals; some of which may be in direct conflict with each other (Ivancevich, Konopaske, & Matteson, 2011). Similarly, the dominant challenge in the latter’s approach is its assumption that effective change management is a process that can be effected at will within the organization (by management) towards the desired direction and objectives. Additionally,

Electronic medical record implementation in correctional facilities Assignment - 1

Electronic medical record implementation in correctional facilities - Assignment Example Despite the employees’ resistance to change, the significance of assessable and consistent medical records continues to be the main goal of most health care and correctional facilities. Therefore, with respect to this organization, employees should appreciate the necessity for implementation of the electronic medical records. Key strategies to successfully plan and implement electronic medical records In order to avoid major transitional challenges associated with the electronic medical system in correctional facilities, System innovators are expected to adopt creativity and consistent trials until they successfully overcome the challenges. A number of key strategies to be laid forward include; Selling the opportunity to the correctional facility leaders as a way of influencing them to adapt system change, physicians and other departmental heads should be approached with a considerate attempt and subdue them about the importance of the electronic change. This is considered eas ier to drive as compared to lower ranking practitioners who may not foresee significant concern on the electronic per-se. Adequate information should be provided to the leaders with proficient illustrations that the implementation of the new system will not in any way disrupt their current records (Perkins and Kelly 122). Staff involvement Involvement the staff members in the implementation plan is quite vital, and this is considered as one of the important factors in the implementation of the electronic medical system or any other system to be put in place. Clinical staff should be at the fore front to drive the process especially in areas where administrative and billing activity takes place. Whether it is a purchased or commercial system, customization has to be done within the correction center. Therefore, besides the implementation personnel, organization staff must be involved to help tailor the system to suite the required environment. Such kind of involvement would be deemed to have considered employees opinion in the system development and to avoid claims of organization imposing undesired system on them (Schultz, Ginsberg and Lucas 8). Staff involvement in the system plan can be used to champion other fellow physicians about the benefits of electronic medical records in their workday. A lot of emphasis is that, systems do not increase burden but instead reduces time spent in making phone call, locating test results and other information pertaining to patients’ safety at the corrective centers. Besides recruiting system technocrats, skeptics must be involved to work hand in hand with the designers until then electronic medical system meet the needs and the skeptical physicians get convinced and to enable them convert as stronger champions. Develop an in training For the success of an electronic medical system and thought all its’ implementation stages, a precise training should be executed to assists both training staff and physicians in stretching the knowledge dimensions (Rodin, Jennifer and Sharon 8). This consideration is based on the fact that quality training always provides adequate knowledge, enrich and engage all stakeholders leading to trainee bliss. Other than the training based on the supportive staff, additional training should b

Genesis in the Old Testament of the Holy Bible Essay

Genesis in the Old Testament of the Holy Bible - Essay Example Mankind now has to work the ground to obtain his needs for survival. (Genesis 3:23). Eve's downfall is due to Satan's temptation. The lesson teaches to focus on God's Word with complete obedience and never be tempted by Evil. The serpent told Eve to take and eat the forbidden fruit. Jesus tells his followers to take and eat his body and blood in the holy sacraments. The forbidden fruit makes the consumer a sinner while Jesus' offering heals a sinner. Adam's son, Cain killed his brother Abel. God tells Cain that He knows what has happened and that he will be punished. Adam has another son, Seth, to replace Abel. Seth in turn has his most famous son, Noah, who is chosen by God to build his Ark. (Genesis:4). God favors obedient people. He saves Noah from the Great Flood because he was 'blameless among the people of his time.' (Genesis 6:9). God tells Noah to build an Ark and take his family inside it, along with certain species of animals. God flooded earth and killed every living thing. At the end of two months, the waters dried up and Noah knew it was safe to descend back to land. Noah immediately built an altar to offer sacrifice to God. Noah is an example of a righteous man who maintained his relationship with God despite living in an environment full of wickedness. This is a lesson to teach that God will help those who follow God's Word. God makes a covenant to Noah; '"I have set my rainbow in the clouds, and it will be the sign of the covenant between me and the earth. Whenever I bring clouds over the earth and the rainbow appears in the clouds, I will remember my covenant between me and you and all living creatures of every kind."'(Genesis 9:13-15). God speaks to Abram and reveals prophecies to him. When Abram travels into Egypt, he is afraid that the Pharaoh would kill him to take over Sarai because she is beautiful. He instructs Sarai to lie and say that she is Abram's sister. The Pharaoh does not know the truth and takes Sarai to become his wife. God is angry and inflicts diseases upon the Pharaoh and his household. The Pharaoh eventually discovers the truth and releases Abram and Sarai. (Genesis:12). When Abram and Sarai cannot conceive a child, Sarai sends her servant, Hagar, to sleep with her husband so that they will get a descendant. Sarai cannot wait for God to do His work but takes matters into her own hands. Then, Sarai makes a mistake when she ill treats her servant Hagar because she was jealous of Hagar's pregnancy with her husband Abram. Hagar runs away but God comforts her and she returns to Abram and Sarai. God tests Sarai with the birth of Ishmael. Thirteen years later, God makes Sarai pregnant with a son called Isaac. It has been a hard time waiting for Sarai and Abram while maintaining their beliefs. Sarai is ninety years old and Abram is one hundred when they become parents. This is His reward to them. He renames Abram as Abraham, and Sarai as Sarah to celebrate God's blessing on them. God says to Abraham; ' I will make you very fruitful; I will make nations of you , and kings will come from you. I will establish my covenant as an everlasting covenant between me and you and your descendants after you for the generations to come, to be your God and the God of your descendants after you.' (Genesis 17:6-7). Isaac is soon born. God decides to test Abraham by ordering him to offer Isaac as a human sacrifice to God.

Dr. Vert's Ch. 6 Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dr. Vert's Ch. 6 Summary - Essay Example However, the trouble comes in because not all information is able to be put into a category easily, and because of that, it might fit into two or more categories. It also becomes confusing because one piece of information might relate to another in a very small way, but both should still be available, so that the person searching the information could see it and use it, if they wanted to. Most of the issues that come with managing information of this type are related to ‘spatial information’, or information that would be better characterized by the space it occupies rather than the information it actually holds. Examples of this are things such as street maps, climate maps, and scientific records of events such as earthquakes and tsunamis. The biggest issue that is faced in trying to retrieve and make sense of information about these events is that many pieces of information are scattered over many different computers, like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle that has been dumped from its box and scattered throughout a room. It becomes more of a scavenger hunt to put the pieces of the puzzle together than to figure out the picture the puzzle tries to represent. Think about how much time is being wasted looking for the different pieces of the puzzle. Dr.

Weathering in Empty Quarter in Saudi Arabia Essay

Weathering in Empty Quarter in Saudi Arabia - Essay Example Chemical weathering usually takes place in wet and moist climates, because of rain and interaction of chemicals in their soluble states. On the other hand physical weathering is common in deserts and arid regions, and main source of weathering in these areas is abrasion. Abrasion is defined as the process by which rocks or particles are reduced to smaller size and shape. Some basic types of physical weathering include thermal stress, frost weathering, salt crystal growth, pressure release, and ocean waves. The process of weathering is associated with erosion, which is simply defined as transfer of free particles from one place to another. Deserts exhibit both the phenomena, at one point there is abrasion, and the other point the weathered sand or rocks are carried away with wind, and then they are deposited. The process of deposition in sand results in the formation of sand dunes. There are four different types of sand dunes. They are Barchan, Star Dunes, Domal Dunes, Longitudinal Du nes, and Sand Sheets. The variation in dunes is due to their shape, size, location, and the direction of

Some Say I Was Poor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Some Say I Was Poor - Essay Example This brought some joy of happiness in my life as we no longer had to dwell out for a bath. Like every rich child I did not receive bacon, sausage and eggs in my breakfast but rather settled for an oat meal which i never missed upon. My childhood had good memories of receiving good clothes from my elder siblings who stopped wearing them after a while. Again the clothes were not new but they were enough to make me happy for a while. All these problems arose because i belonged to a family who was not much educated. My father and mother both dropped out from their school at an early age and could not strive for a better job to earn their family a nice living. As i grew up in life i realized that i belonged to a lower class family in the United States. When i was a child there were certain times when i used to witness rich children and envy them because of their way of living but now at this age when i think of it i consider it as a blessing in disguise. Christmas was a time which i looke d forward to during my childhood as that was the time when i used to get presents. Some of my wishes did not come true during my childhood but i still don’t regret them. Altogether we were ten siblings living under one roof and being together was a pleasure for me as we always had the company of each other. We used to get along well and played games together which helped us to pass our time in a nice manner. Like every child we also had wished to have a big feast and in order to fulfil our wishes we used to play games in which we pretended as to we all were eating a large feast. At the age of eleven we all were required to go to the cotton field so we could earn for our family. On Friday we were all paid and this money would go to our parents so they could manage the house. Many people would consider this act to be a harmful act for the children but we were happy to do this for the cause of our family. As my father was not much educated himself he did not give specific direct ions to us so that we could study. My father preached us about God and helped us to know that he is the supreme being in the world. Success does not come instantly in life but it can be achieved on different levels. Growing up in a small town called Ferris located in Texas was not hard but one thing that i must admit is that we belonged to a poor community as a whole. In those times the neighbours had great respect for each other and in our town all our neighbours used to share things with each other. I still remember this as a positive gesture during my childhood which helped me to learn more about life and care. Gradually with time all of my siblings including me started walking on a path which led to a better future. We all have grown up to get used to the culture of the world today. Some of my siblings joined school whereas some went to trade schools only to become successful. With struggle and hope all of us have become professionals in the world today to lead a better life tha n we had when we were children. Although we can still not be classified in the upper class of the American Society today but we are happy with all that we have. All of us have become financially stable to earn a better future and now that we sit together we remember the times that we had during our childhood. I have learned on every step of life that we can become successful if we try. Education in my

The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries Essay Example for Free

The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries Essay The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is a permanent, intergovernmental Organization, created at the Baghdad Conference on September 10–14, 1960, by Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. The five Founding Members were later joined by nine other Members: Qatar (1961); Indonesia (1962) – suspended its membership from January 2009; Libya (1962); United Arab Emirates (1967); Algeria (1969); Nigeria (1971); Ecuador (1973) – suspended its membership from December 1992-October 2007; Angola (2007) and Gabon (1975–1994). OPEC had its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, in the first five years of its existence. This was moved to Vienna, Austria, on September 1, 1965. OPECs objective is to co-ordinate and unify petroleum policies among Member Countries, in order to secure fair and stable prices for petroleum producers; an efficient, economic and regular supply of petroleum to consuming nations; and a fair return on capital to those investing in the industry. The 1960s OPEC’s formation by five oil-producing developing countries in Baghdad in September 1960 occurred at a time of transition in the international economic and political landscape, with extensive decolonisation and the birth of many new independent states in the developing world. The international oil market was dominated by the â€Å"Seven Sisters† multinational companies and was largely separate from that of the former Soviet Union (FSU) and other centrally planned economies (CPEs). OPEC developed its collective vision, set up its objectives and established its Secretariat, first in Geneva and then, in 1965, in Vienna. It adopted a ‘Declaratory Statement of Petroleum Policy in Member Countries’ in 1968, which emphasised the inalienable right of all countries to exercise permanent sovereignty over their natural resources in the interest of their national development. Membership grew to ten by 1969. The 1970s OPEC rose to international prominence during this decade, as its Member Countries took control of their domestic petroleum industries and acquired a major say in the pricing of crude oil on world markets. On two occasions, oil prices rose steeply in a volatile market, triggered by the Arab oil embargo in 1973 and the outbreak of the Iranian Revolution in 1979. OPEC broadened its mandate with the first Summit of Heads of State and Government in Algiers in 1975, which addressed the plight of the poorer nations and called for a new era of cooperation in international relations, in the interests of world economic development and stability. This led to the establishment of the OPEC Fund for International Development in 1976. Member Countries embarked on ambitious socio-economic development schemes. Membership grew to 13 by 1975. The 1980s After reaching record levels early in the decade, prices began to weaken, before crashing in 1986, responding to a big oil glut and consumer shift away from this hydrocarbon. OPEC’s share of the smaller oil market fell heavily and its total petroleum revenue dropped below a third of earlier peaks, causing severe economic hardship for many Member Countries. Prices rallied in the final part of the decade, but to around half the levels of the early part, and OPEC’s share of newly growing world output began to recover. This was supported by OPEC introducing a group production ceiling divided among Member Countries and a Reference Basket for pricing, as well as significant progress with OPEC/non-OPEC dialogue and cooperation, seen as essential for market stability and reasonable prices. Environmental issues emerged on the international energy agenda. The 1990s Prices moved less dramatically than in the 1970s and 1980s, and timely OPEC action reduced the market impact of Middle East hostilities in 1990–91. But excessive volatility and general price weakness dominated the decade, and the South-East Asian economic downturn and mild Northern Hemisphere winter of 1998–99 saw prices back at 1986 levels. However, a solid recovery followed in a more integrated oil market, which was adjusting to the post-Soviet world, greater regionalism, globalisation, the communications revolution and other high-tech trends. Breakthroughs in producer-consumer dialogue matched continued advances in OPEC/non-OPEC relations. As the United Nations-sponsored climate change negotiations gathered momentum, after the Earth Summit of 1992, OPEC sought fairness, balance and realism in the treatment of oil supply. One country left OPEC, while another suspended its Membership. The 2000s An innovative OPEC oil price band mechanism helped strengthen and stabilise crude prices in the early years of the decade. But a combination of market forces, speculation and other factors transformed the situation in 2004, pushing up prices and increasing volatility in a well-supplied crude market. Oil was used increasingly as an asset class. Prices soared to record levels in mid-2008, before collapsing in the emerging global financial turmoil and economic recession. OPEC became prominent in supporting the oil sector, as part of global efforts to address the economic crisis. OPEC’s second and third summits in Caracas and Riyadh in 2000 and 2007 established stable energy markets, sustainable development and the environment as three guiding themes, and it adopted a comprehensive long-term strategy in 2005. One country joined OPEC, another reactivated its Membership and a third suspended it. Venezuela and Iran were the first countries to move towards the establishment of OPEC in the 1960s by approaching Iraq, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia in 1949, suggesting that they exchange views and explore avenues for regular and closer communication among petroleum-producing nations.[citation needed] The founding members are Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela. Later members include Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Gabon, Indonesia, Libya, Qatar, Nigeria, and the United Arab Emirates. In 10–14 September 1960, at the initiative of the Venezuelan Energy and Mines minister Juan Pablo Perez Alfonso and the Saudi Arabian Energy and Mines minister Abdullah al-Tariki, the governments of Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela met in Baghdad to discuss ways to increase the price of the crude oil produced by their respective countries.[citation needed][6][7] Oil exports imports differenceOPEC was founded to unify and coordinate members petroleum policies. Between 1960 and 1975, the organization expanded to include Qatar (1961), Indonesia (1962), Libya (1962), the United Arab Emirates (1967), Algeria (1969), and Nigeria (1971). Ecuador and Gabon were early members of OPEC, but Ecuador withdrew on December 31, 1992[8] because it was unwilling or unable to pay a $2 million membership fee and felt that it needed to produce more oil than it was allowed to under the OPEC quota,[9] although it rejoined in October 2007. Similar concerns prompted Gabon to suspend membership in January 1995.[10] Angola joined on the first day of 2007. Norway and Russia have attended OPEC meetings as observers. Indicating that OPEC is not averse to further expansion, Mohammed Barkindo, OPECs Secretary General, recently asked Sudan to join.[11] Iraq remains a member of OPEC, but Iraqi production has not been a part of any OPEC quota agreements since March 1998. In May 2008, Indonesia announced that it would leave OPEC when its membership expired at the end of that year, having become a net importer of oil and being unable to meet its production quota.[12] A statement released by OPEC on 10 September 2008 confirmed Indonesias withdrawal, noting that it regretfully accepted the wish of Indonesia to suspend its full Membership in the Organization and recorded its hope that the Country would be in a position to rejoin the Organization in the not too distant future. [13] Indonesia is still exporting light, sweet crude oil and importing heavier, more sour crude oil to take advantage of price differentials (import is greater than export). 1973 oil embargo[edit]Main article: 1973 oil crisis In October 1973, OPEC declared an oil embargo in response to the United States and Western Europes support of Israel in the Yom Kippur War of 1973. The result was a rise in oil prices from $3 per barrel to $12 and the commencement of gas rationing. Other factors in the rise in gasoline prices was the peak of oil production in the United States around 1970 and the devaluation of the U.S. dollar.[14] U.S. gas stations put a limit on the amount of gasoline that could be dispensed, closed on Sundays, and limited the days gasoline could be purchased based on license plates. Even after the embargo concluded, prices continued to rise.[15] The Oil Embargo of 1973 had a lasting effect on the United States. U.S. citizens began purchasing smaller cars that were more fuel efficient.[citation needed] The Federal government got involved first with President Richard Nixon recommending citizens reduce their speed for the sake of conservation, and later Congress issuing a 55 mph limit at the end of 1973. This change decreased consumption[citation needed] as well as crash fatalities[citation needed]. Daylight savings time was extended year round to reduce electrical use in the American home. Nixon also formed the Energy Department as a cabinet office.[citation needed] People were asked to decrease their thermostats to 65 degrees and factories changed their main energy supply to coal. One of the most lasting effects of the 1973 oil embargo was a global economic recession. Unemployment rose to the highest percentage on record while inflation also spiked. Consumer interest in large gas guzzling vehicles fell and production dropped. Although the embargo only lasted a year, during that time oil prices had quadrupled and OPEC nations discovered that their oil could be used as both a political and economic weapon against other nations 1975 hostage incident[edit]Main article: OPEC siege This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2011) On 21 December 1975, Ahmed Zaki Yamani and the other oil ministers of the members of OPEC were taken hostage by a six-person team led by terrorist Carlos the Jackal (which included Gabriele Krocher-Tiedemann and Hans-Joachim Klein), in Vienna, Austria, where the ministers were attending a meeting at the OPEC headquarters. Carlos planned to take over the conference by force and kidnap all eleven oil ministers in attendance and hold them for ransom, with the exception of Ahmed Zaki Yamani and Irans Jamshid Amuzegar, who were to be executed. Carlos led his six-person team past two police officers in the buildings lobby and up to the first floor, where a police officer, an Iraqi plain clothes security guard and a young Libyan economist were shot dead. As Carlos entered the conference room and fired shots in the ceiling, the delegates ducked under the table. The terrorists searched for Ahmed Zaki Yamani and then divided the sixty-three hostages into groups. Delegates of friendly countries were moved toward the door, neutrals were placed in the centre of the room and the enemies were placed along the back wall, next to a stack of explosives. This last group included those from Saudi Arabia, Iran, Qatar and the UAE. Carlos demanded a bus to be provided to take his group and the hostages to the airport, where a DC-9 airplane and crew would be waiting. In the meantime, Carlos briefed Yamani on his plan to eventually fly to Aden, where Yamani and Amuzegar would be killed. The bus was provided the following morning at 6.40 as requested and 42 hostages were boarded and taken to the airport. The group was airborne just after 9.00 and explosives placed under Yamanis seat. The plane first stopped in Algiers, where Carlos left the plane to meet with the Algierian Foreign minister. All 30 non-Arab hostages were released, excluding Amuzegar. The refueled plane left for Tripoli where there was trouble in acquiring another plane as had been planned. Carlos decided to instead return to Algiers and change to a Boeing 707, a plane large enough to fly to Baghdad nonstop. Ten more hostages were released before leaving. With only 10 hostages remaining, the Boeing 707 left for Algiers and arrived at 3.40 a.m. After leaving the plane to meet with the Algerians, Carlos talked with his colleagues in the front cabin of the plane and then told Yamani and Amuzegar that they would be released at mid-day. Carlos was then called from the plane a second time and returned after two hours. At this second meeting it is believed that Carlos held a phone conversation with Algerian President Houari Boumedienne who informed Carlos that the oil ministers deaths would result in an attack on the plane. Yamanis biography[citation needed] suggests that the Algerians had used a covert listening device on the front of the aircraft to overhear the earlier conversation between the terrorists, and found that Carlos had in fact still planned to murder the two oil ministers. Boumedienne must also have offered Carlos asylum at this time and possibly financial compensation for failing to complete his assignment. On returning to the plane Carlos stood before Yamani and Amuzegar and expressed his regret at not being able to murder them. He then told the hostages that he and his comrades would leave the plane after which they would all be free. After waiting for the terrorists to leave, Yamani and the other nine hostages followed and were taken to the airport by Algerian Foreign Minister Abdelaziz Bouteflika. The terrorists were present in the next lounge and Khalid, the Palestinian, asked to speak to Yamani. As his hand reached for his coat, Khalid was surrounded by guards and a gun was found concealed in a holster. Some time after the attack it was revealed by Carlos accomplices that the operation was commanded by Wadi Haddad, a Palestinian terrorist and founder of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. It was also claimed that the idea and funding came from an Arab president, widely thought to be Muammar al-Gaddafi. In the years following the OPEC raid, Bassam Abu Sharif and Klein claimed that Carlos had received a large sum of money in exchange for the safe release of the Arab hostages and had kept it for his personal use. There is still some uncertainty regarding the amount that changed hands but it is believed to be between US$20 million and US$50 million. The source of the money is also uncertain, but, according to Klein, it was from an Arab president. Carlos later told his lawyers that the money was paid by the Saudis on behalf of the Iranians and was, diverted en route and lost by the Revolution.[17] The 1980s oil gluts OPEC net oil export revenues for 1971 2007.[18]In response to the high oil prices of the 1970s, industrial nations took step to reduce dependence on oil. Utilities switched to using coal, natural gas, or nuclear power while national governments initiated multi-billion dollar research programs to develop alternatives to oil. Demand for oil dropped by five million barrels a day while oil production outside of OPEC rose by fourteen million barrels daily by 1986. During this time, the percentage of oil produced by OPEC fell from 50% to 29%. The result was a six-year price decline that culminated with a 46 percent price drop in 1986. In order to combat falling revenues, Saudi Arabia pushed for production quotas to limit production and boost prices. When other OPEC nations failed to comply, Saudi Arabia slashed production from 10 million barrels daily in 1980 to just one-quarter of that level in 1985. When this proved ineffective, Saudi Arabia reversed course and flooded the market with cheap oil, causing prices to fall to under ten dollars a barrel. The result was that high price production zones in areas such as the North Sea became too expensive. Countries in OPEC that had previously failed to comply to quotas began to limit production in order to shore up prices.[19] Responding to war and low prices[edit]Main articles: 1990 oil price shock and 2000s energy crisis Leading up to the 1990-91 Gulf War, The President of Iraq Saddam Hussein recommended that OPEC should push world oil prices up, helping all OPEC members financially. But the division of OPEC countries occasioned by the Iraq-Iran War and the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait marked a low point in the cohesion of OPEC. Once supply disruption fears that accompanied these conflicts dissipated, oil prices began to slide dramatically. After oil prices slumped at around $15 a barrel in the late 1990s, joint diplomacy achieved a slowing down of oil production beginning in 1998. In 2000, Chavez hosted the first summit of OPEC in 25 years. The next year, however, the September 11, 2001 attacks against the United States,and the following invasion of Afghanistan, and 2003 invasion of Iraq and subsequent occupation prompted a sharp rise in oil prices to levels far higher than those targeted by OPEC themselves during the previous period. Indonesia withdrew from OPEC in 2009 to protect its oil supply. On 19 November 2007, global oil prices reacted violently as OPEC members spoke openly about potentially converting their cash reserves to the euro and away from the US dollar.[20] Production disputes[edit]The economic needs of the OPEC member states often affects the internal politics behind OPEC production quotas. Various members have pushed for reductions in production quotas to increase the price of oil and thus their own revenues.[21] These demands conflict with Saudi Arabias stated long-term strategy of being a partner with the worlds economic powers to ensure a steady flow of oil that would support economic expansion.[22] Part of the basis for this policy is the Saudi concern that expensive oil or oil of uncertain supply will drive developed nations to conserve and develop alternative fuels. To this point, former Saudi Oil Minister Sheikh Yamani famously said in 1973: The stone age didnt end because we ran out of stones.[23] One such production dispute occurred on 10 September 2008, when the Saudis reportedly walked out of OPEC negotiating session where the organization voted to reduce production. Although Saudi Arabian OPEC delegates officially endorsed the new quotas, they stated anonymously that they would not observe them. The New York Times quoted one such anonymous OPEC delegate as saying â€Å"Saudi Arabia will meet the market’s demand. We will see what the market requires and we will not leave a customer without oil. The policy has not changed. OPEC aid[edit]OPEC aid dates from well before the 1973/74 oil price explosion. Kuwait has operated a programme since 1961 (through the Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development). The OPEC fund became a fully fledged permanent international development agency in May 1980.

Standard of Care Essay Example for Free

Standard of Care Essay Case Study: Sandra, a 45-year old female, was brought into the emergency room by her friends with a severe head wound. According to her friends, Sandra tripped and fell after consuming several alcoholic drinks. When she arrived at the hospital she was incoherent and the hospital staff was not able to contact her next of kin. Due to the severity of her wounds, the physician chose to begin medical procedures. 1. Define â€Å"standard of care.† How would appropriate â€Å"standard of care† be determined in this case? Standard of care is a diagnostic and treatment process that a clinician should follow for a certain type of patient, illness, or clinical circumstances. The appropriate standard of care to this patient would be to treat Sandra as in any other patient would be treated for a head injury. Medical staff should not treat her any different because she had been consuming alcohol. 2. What is the difference between informed and implied consent? Was the consent in this case implied, informed, or neither? Explain your response. With informed consent, this means that the individual is aware of exactly what they are getting into. This usually comes up in medical settings, where before a person agrees to a procedure they must know the benefits and dangers. Another element of informed consent is that the person must be mentally capable of consenting. For example, giving a severely intoxicated individual a list of benefits and dangers doesnt really inform him of anything. Implied consent is when you dont affirmatively express consent verbally or in writing, but your behavior indicates your consent. For example, if a nurse comes in the room and asks if it is okay to take your blood pressure, and you raise your arm to her, you are consenting to the procedure. In this case, Sandra was under implied consent. The patient was incoherent and could not verbally consent to treatment and be informed of any proceedings. 3. Using the internet, research the Patient Care Partnership. Identify and explain three rights that the patient has according to the Patient Care Partnership. The Patient Care Partnership replaced the AHAs Patients Bill of Rights. This plain language brochure informs patients about what they should expect during their hospital stay with regard to their rights and responsibilities. a. High Quality Hospital Care. It is a responsibility of a healthcare location  to provider care you need with skill, compassion, and respect. The patient has the right to tell the care givers if you have any concerns about your care or if you have any pain. You have the right to know the identity of doctors, nurses, and others involved in your care. You also share the right to know whether they are students, residents, or trainees. b. Clean and safe environment. A health care facility uses special policies and procedures to avoid mistakes in patient care and keep the patient free from abuse and neglect. c. Patient confidentiality.There are state and federal laws that protect the patient’s information from being released to anybody outside of the patient’s direct care. 4. Using the internet, research the Good Samaritan Laws in your state. Summarize it and explain if it would apply to this case. Under the State of Nebraska, the Good Samaritan Law states, no person who renders emergency care at the scene of an accident or other emergency gratuitously, shall be held liable for any civil damages as a result of any act or omission by such person in rendering the emergency care or as a result of any act or failure to act to provide or arrange for medical treatment or care for the injured person. The Good Samaritan law does not apply to this case because the patient was not at the scene of an accident, but at the hospital. When the patient is on hospital or clinic property, there are other liabilities that come into play (http://www.cprinstructor.com/NE-GS.htm). 5. Define the terms below and give an example of how each of these principles should be used in this case: Respect: respect is to show that person attention and to regard the person’s feelings. Empathy: the ability to understand and share the feelings of another. Dignity: the state or quality of being worthy of honor or respect. In the case presented, empathy is shown to the patient by how you are reacting around the patient. You do not want to make fast movements, unless emergency is required, because the patient could awaken at any moment and be frightened. You show the patient respect and dignity by treating her as a patient. The medical staff should not treat her bad and judge her as an alcoholic. The medical staff is there to treat the patient and not to judge or make the patient uncomfortable for any reason.

A case study on supermarket management system

A case study on supermarket management system INTRODUCTION Problems can be solved by systems. Systems approach is an organized way to deal with problems. In this dynamic world, a wide variety of system development methodologies have evolved over the years, each framework with its own strengths and weaknesses (Paul, James Peter, 2004). This report will focus on waterfall type through analyze the process of EQs supermarket management system development. SYSTEM LIFE CYCLE System lifecycle is a structured process of developing and maintaining systems. It lists all processes and sub-processes required while developing a system. A combination of various activities in system development is referred as system development lifecycle (Kà ¤Ãƒ ¤rià ¤inen and Và ¤limà ¤ki, 2008). 1. PHASES OF SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE 1 .1 SYSTEM STUDY System development life cycle starts from system study. The system study separates in two phases. Firstly, a survey will help the designer to identify the scope of the system. Secondly, a depth investigation will help the designer understand users requirements and problems. Generally, a system proposal will carry out by analyst and offer to user to ensure the content is correct (Steven Glenn, 2005). EQ defined YDL as a small sized supermarket. The owner of YDL wanted to reduce employee (keep two people at most), monthly report can be presented faster and establish a membership system. 1.2 FEASIBILITY STUDY Based on system study, feasibility study takes place. The proposed system should be tested during this phase in four aspects: workability, requirement fitness, effective use of resources and the cost effectiveness (Steven Glenn, 2005). The main objective of this phase is achieving the scope. To achieve the scope, EQ assumed the SMS have six main functions, they are: sales, reporting, goods ordering, membership management, expired offers and inventory management. This proposed system only needs two people, which are cashier and inventory manager. Order goods and generate financial statement can be done by the system automatically. Therefore, a sub-system called membership management was added into this SMS. 1.3 SYSTEM ANALYSIS If a new system is decided to develop, the next phase is system analysis. It is a depth investigation based initial investigation and user requirements. Detailed data flow diagrams (DFDs), data dictionary, logical data structures and miniature specifications should reflect user requirements. Identification of data store, sub-dividing of complex process, and manual processes also should be included in system analysis (Steven Glenn, 2005). EQ established its project schedule, listed all major activities and tasks in WBS (Work Breakdown Structure), and the deliverables and milestones were also announced in the schedule. Task Description Duration Assigned Role Task Input Output Requirements Specify requirements General introduction about the system 1 week Management Team Team liaisons A requirements document, A architecture design document (system design document), A object design document, A test plan, A project plan. System/subsystem, and requirements overview 2 weeks Documentation Team Requirements elicitation General constraints, assumptions and dependencies 2 weeks Functional requirements 2 weeks External interface 1 week Non-functional requirements 1 week Milestones R 5 documents Design Design the architecture of the systeml System organization design 1 week Architecture Team A architecture design document System source code Subsystem design 2 weeks Architecture Team Asystem design document Design the user interface User interface design 2 weeks User Interface Team A object design document Milestones D System source code Development Design the specific objects of the system Database and configure the server 1 week Database Team System source code System User interface Programming 3 weeks User Interface Team Layout design 3 weeks User Interface Team Design the specific objects of the system Connection between subsystems 1 week Control Team Milestones De The system that is available to use Validation Implement the system Test the user interface 1 week User Interface Team System source code A document about the problems that the system still needs to be worked on Test the database 1 week Database Team Evaluate the system List the functions and problems 1 week Documentation Team Milestones V A document about the problems that the system still needs to be worked on Evolution Validate the system Adapt the user interface 1 week User Interface Team A document about the problems that the system still needs to be worked on Final system Adapt the database 1 week Database Team Adapt and improve the system Recheck the whole system 1 week Management Team Documentation Team Final system A document about the functions that the system can provide Milestones E Final system can be provided to client Source: http://www.docin.com/p-41243574.html Source: http://www.docin.com/p-41243574.html 1.4 SYSTEM DESIGN System design is the most crucial phase in system development lifecycle. Generally, the design advances in two stages: general design and detailed design. In general design process, the features of the system will be specified; costs and benefits of these features will be estimated. In detailed design stage, computer oriented work starts at first. Structure design becomes the blue print of system solution to those problems mentioned in system analysis phase. Furthermore, the programming language, the platform, input, output and processing specifications will decided in detail in this stage (Steven Glenn, 2005). Several tools and techniques used for designing are (Steven Glenn, 2005): Flowchart Data flow diagram (DFDs) Data dictionary Structured English Decision table Decision tree Based on the scope of this supermarket and proposed system, EQ used C/S model as development model. The source code were written in JAVA, Server hardware and software environment: â€Å"Hardware: IBM System x3200 M2. The x3200 M2 offers the latest quad-core Intel Xeon processor (up to 3.16 GHz/12MB/1333MHz), 4 GB memory (DDR II 800MHz), expansion slots (2 PCI (32-bit/33 MHz),2 PCI-Express (x8,x1), Remote Supervisor Adapter II), 4.0TB SATA HDDs hard drive. Software: Microsoft Windows Server 2008, MySQL Cluster 7.0, Avast! Anti-virus Server 4.8.1091, JDK 6 Update 16 with NetBeans 6.7.1† (E-Qun, 2009). Source: http://www.docin.com/p-41243717.html Source: http://www.docin.com/p-41243717.html 1.5 CODING TESTING After designing, the whole system should convert into computer understanding language. The programmer uses computer understanding language to write programs to coordinate the data movements and control the entire process in the system (Steven Glenn, 2005). Before implementing the whole system, a test run is done to remove all bugs and measure the stability of the system (CMS, 2009). Firstly, individual units of the system should be tested. Any uncertainty happening must be recorded and debugged. Then, in compliance with test plan, a given set of test data will put into the system. The outputs of the test run should be analyzed. If theres any output did not match the expected output, the errors in the particular program or system should be identified and fixed and further test should be done until the outputs match the expected results (Parkin, 1997). Modular development technique was used in this coding and testing phase. EQ divided the programmers in two team, database team and user interface team. Each team focus on their own area. Source: http://www.equn.net/product_1.asp Source: http://www.equn.net/product_1.asp 1.6 IMPLEMENTATION During implementation phase, the system is loaded onto the users computer. Then, user training starts. Generally four topics will be introduced to users: execution of the package, data input, data processing and reporting. After users are trained, computerized working begins at following two strategies (operational): parallel run or pilot run. Parallel run means in a certain period, both systems (i.e. manual and computerized system) are executed in parallel. Pilot run means the new system installs in parts. Some parts executed first and ran in a defined period. Other parts will be implemented only if the results satisfied the expected results (New York State Office, 2009). After five days training, two employees from YDL had mastered the operational skills. In the later month, manual working and computerized working were running in parallel to avoid the potential failure of system. 1.7 MAINTENANCE Maintenance means error correction and upgrade during the systems working life. Because of there always have some errors found in the system, system review is necessary to note and correct these errors. In addition, from system review, the developer can know the full capabilities of the system, required changes and the additional requirements. If a significant change needs to be executed, a new project has to be set up and proceed through all the life cycle phases (New York State Office, 2009). Currently, EQs supermarket management system is running in YDL. The supermarket had reduced 2 members. Nearly 500 people were registered as members. Moreover, the owner of YDL wants to turn his business to chain-store operations. EQ has started to evaluate this project. DISCUSSION According to Paul Davidson et al. (2003), waterfall model fits the situations where most appropriate that project has clear objects and solutions, the requirements are comprehensive and stable and etc. In this case, the lifecycle of this supermarket management system shows that E-Qun Web-Studio used waterfall method. This framework type is linear: Those deliverables and milestones were measurable. The whole project was divided into phases; emphasized on planning, time management, target dates and system implementation at one time; maintained control of project through using extensive documents such as project plan, test plan, etc. CONCLUSION To sum up, the lifecycle for information system development is mainly make up of eight aspects. They are system study, feasibility study, system analysis, system design, coding, testing, implementation and maintenance. Linear type is the simplest framework to develop the system (Paul et al. 2003). In small information system, if the system is not extremely complex, requirements are stable and can be identified easily, project team is less experienced and project schedule is unambiguous, it is strongly recommended that this project uses waterfall method as the develop methodology (Paul et al., 2004). REFERENCES: Alter, S and Browne, J, 2005, ‘A Broad View of Systems Analysis and Design, Communications of the Association for Information Systems, Volume 15, 2005, pp. 981-999, CMS, 2009, Testing Framework Overview, Centres for Medicare Medicaid Services, Available at: http://www.cms.hhs.gov/SystemLifecycleFramework/Downloads/CMSTestingFrameworkOverview.pdf [Accessed at 23th Dec, 2009] Davidson, P, Hedrich, R, Leavy, T, Sharp, W, Wilson, N, 2003, ‘Information Systems Development Techniques and Their Application to the Hydrologic Database Derivation Application, the Centre for Advanced Decision Support for Water and Environmental Systems, Available at: http://cadswes.colorado.edu/PDF/RiverWare/DavidsonLV2002.pdf [Accessed at 28th Dec, 2009] E-Qun Web-Studio, 2009, About Us, E-Qun Online, Available at: http://www.equn.net/aboutus.asp [Accessed at 29th Dec, 2009] Fisher, P, McDaniel, J Hughes, P, 2004, ‘System Development Life Cycle Models and Methodologies Canadian Society for International Health Certificate Course in Health Information System, Module 3: System Analysis Database Development, Part 3: Life Cycle Models and Methodologies. Available at: http://famed.ufrgs.br/pdf/csih/mod3/Mod_3_3.htm [Accessed at 14th Dec, 2009] J. Kà ¤Ãƒ ¤rià ¤inen and A. Và ¤limà ¤ki, 2008, ‘Impact of Application Lifecycle Management A Case Study, Enterprise Interoperability III, New Challenges and Industrial Approaches, Springer London Press, London New York State Office, 2009,System Implementation, Project Management Guidebook, Release 2, Available at: http://www.oft.state.ny.us/pmmp/guidebook2/SystemImplement.pdf [Accessed at 22th Dec, 2009] Rodney Parkin, 1997,Software Unit Testing, IV V Australia, Available at: http://www.ivvaust.com.au/UnitTesting.pdf [Accessed at 20th Dec, 2009]

Steven Biko Essay -- Papers Racism South Africa

Steven Biko "We are looking forward to a non-racial, just and egalitarian society in which color, creed and race shall form no point of reference." - Steve Biko South Africa is home to a great supply of natural resources, inherent beauty, and one of the greatest political and social travesties of the modern era. The South African government has suppressed native African peoples for hundreds of years. In the last century the situation has gotten progressively worse through governmental legislation lead by the racist Afrikaner Nation Party. This injustice lasted unchallenged until the late 1950's when legislation became even more protective of the National Party's hold of political, economic, and social power. Social movements of every country and era rise and fall; Africa is no different. As leaders have come and gone, gathering public support against the government, the dangerous reality has been slowly sinking in. Political activist and former student leader, Steve Biko firmly believed that South Africa could eventually exist as an egalitarian society, free of racism. Biko's contribution to the South African freedom fight is invaluable. The South African government practiced banning which, prohibited anyone quoting Biko, the publication of any of his written work or the documentation of his character in any positive way. Banning was not uncommon in South Africa. The person had to remain in their assigned district and could not leave under any circumstances. The banned person could not be in the presence of more than one person at a time; the only exception being immediate family. It also forbade the person from writing (publishing) and speaking in public. Once a week the person was required to report to the local Se... ... popularity grew after his death because he was no longer seen as a leader, but rather a martyr. So why is South Africa still under white control? My answer to that is that talk is cheap and publicity even cheaper. The support and headlines were all that was given. Nothing permanent or structured was offered to the blacks. Today, a little less than thirty years later, I had trouble finding books on Steve Biko. To the western world he was a fad. Bibliography: Bibliography Biko, Steve. I Write What I Like. Ed. By Stubbs C.R., Aelred. Harper and Row Publishers, San Francisco. 1978. Dugard, John, Haysom, Nicholas and Marcus, Gilbert. The Last Years of Apartheid: Civil Liberties in South Africa. Ford Foundation, New York. 1992. Woods, Donald. Biko, the revised edition. Henry Holy and Co., New York. 1987. I also viewed the movie Cry Freedom

My Grandmother: A Powerful Woman Essay -- Personal Narrative

My Grandmother: A Powerful Woman Stella Stefanides was born fifty-four years ago in a small village by the Greek-Bulgarian border. Her life reads like a fictional story about deprivation, loss, love and hardships. This woman, whom I am referring to happens to be my grandmother. Her life is truly inspiring because she has overcome many difficulties and continues to be the glue that holds my family together. Stella was born in the time of the civil war in Greece. Her parents had many babies but they would all die after being removed from their mothers’ womb, which was very common at the time due to the lack of medical assistance. After dealing with the death of five babies, Theano, Stella's mom, was convinced that her dreams of having children were never to be realized. Even as a baby, Stella was a fighter. She fought for her little life and won. That's where she got her name "Stiliani," which means strong in Greek. That name truly captures the essence of her. Growing up was hard. Dealing with the war, the conflicts, the poverty, Stella, just like any other child, had to work. Because she is a female, school was not a priority. Although she wanted to help her family, she insisted on going to school. Craving to learn something new, to explore the world beyond her village borders; she told her parents that she would never leave school. She was willing and able to do both. They agree d, as long as it wouldn't interfere with her work. Deep down inside, her parents were happy that they had a headstrong, smart daughter. School and work weren't easy for Stella. Adding to the picture was a new brother, Savva. Taking care of him while her parents were at the fields became her responsibility. The responsibilities of school, work, takin... ...oss and makes all the decisions. Every customer and community member knows and loves "Mamma Stella." She listens, smiles and is always ready with a kind word and a hug. She yells when you don't finish your food and is generous with goods she bakes in her kitchen. Stella is an individual who fully embodies the "American Dream." She has had to fight to get where she is and she is passionate about staying there. Her family always comes first and their problems are hers. Stella is admired by many for her love, strength and fierce determination. These qualities were given to her so that she would make a difference in people's lives. She has taken those tools in hand and successfully crafted an amazing life for herself and her family. I am honored and lucky that Grandma Stella is a part of my life. She inspires me to achieve great things. I am who I am because of her.

How to make Paper :: essays research papers

Paper is a thin, flat material produced by the compression of fibres. The fibers used are usually natural and based upon cellulose. The most common material is wood pulp from pulpwood (largely softwood) trees such as spruces, but other vegetable fiber materials including cotton, linen, and hemp may be used. A stack of 500 sheets of paper is called a ream. The edges of paper sheets can act as very sharp razors, leading to paper cuts. Manufacture Whether done by hand or with a Fourdrinier Machine, the paper making process has four simple steps: Preparation of the fibres The material to be used for making paper is first converted into pulp, a concentrated mixture of fibers suspended in liquid. As many of these fibres are derived from natural sources, this process often requires many stages of separation and washing. Once the fibers have been extracted, they may also be bleached or dyed to alter the appearance of the final product. Forming into sheets The pulp mixture is then further diluted with water resulting in a very thin slurry. This dilute slurry is drained through a fine-mesh moving screen to form a fibrous web. A watermark may be impressed into the paper at this stage of the process. This moving web is pressed and dried into a continuous sheet of paper. In the case of the mould process, a quantity of the pulp is placed into a form, with a wire-mesh base (or other draining device), so that the fibres are left coated on the mesh and excess water can drain away. At this time, pressure may be applied to remove more water through a squeezing action. The paper may then be removed from the mould, wet or dry, and go on to further processing. Most mass-produced paper is made using a continuous (Fourdrinier) process to form a reel or web. When dried, this continuous web may be cut into rectangular sheets by slitting the web vertically and then cutting it horizontally to the desired length. Standard sheet sizes are prescribed by governing bodies such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Further additives Raw paper that contains only pressed and dried pulp is very absorbent (for example, blotting paper), and does not provide a good surface upon which to write or print. Thus, a huge variety of additives are employed to add desired properties to the paper. These are applied in a coating called the size. Sizing agents are often polymers designed to provide a better printing surface.

Man in the Mirror

The death of Michael Jackson has given many fans and critics cause to revisit his work. The controversies that surrounded his life in the last decade made Jackson the subject of many jokes and was threatened to end his career in shame and obscurity. But his untimely death provides an opportunity for us to look back at his musical career, and to celebrate his talents as a singer dancer and songwriter. Like other pop stars, Jackson wrote many songs about love and partying, but a number of his songs, such as Heal the World and We Are the World, showed a keen awareness of global issues such as poverty, hunger, and environmental conservation.This may seem contradictory to the questionable choices Jackson made in his personal life, so this is why Man in the Mirror may be his most personal and revealing work. With Man in the Mirror, Jackson reveals a deep inner-conflict and proposes a challenge to himself and to his listeners that in order to change the world, people must first change thems elves. There are many contrasts in the song that reveal the social issues that concerned Jackson. People without food, especially starving children, are mentioned in the song: â€Å"I see kids in the street, with not enough to eat†.The problem of homelessness and people with not enough money to borrow or loan is also discussed: â€Å"There are some with no home, not a nickel to loan†. This is in contrast to Jackson himself, who is of course wealthy enough to own: â€Å"Could it really be me pretending that they’re not alone†. Ironically, though the song is full of imagery of mirrors and reflections, it is Jackson who is unable to see. Early in the song, he sings: â€Å"Who am I to be blind, pretending not to see their needs†.Therefore, the journey he takes in the song is from blindness to being able to see the harsh realities of the world, as well as his own irresponsibility. The â€Å"mirror† in the song, or, more accurately, his own reflec tion, is a symbol of a part of himself—the part of himself that is not aware of the problems in the world. Indeed, he even speaks to his reflection as if it were another person. â€Å"I’m asking him to change his ways†. Forces of nature and the changing seasons are also treated as human beings, personified to show that they also care little for people in need. They follow the pattern of the wind ya’ see, ‘Cause they got no place to be†. Other objects are also used to symbolize the pain that exists in the world, such as â€Å"A broken bottle top† and â€Å"willow†. By the end of the song, Jackson can no longer ignore what he sees in himself and in the world. He gives himself and his audience specific instructions on how to make the world a better place. â€Å"If you wanna make the world a better place, take a look at yourself, and then make that change†.

Social Work Intervention with the Disabled and Their Families

juand_2626: hi 21:08:10 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: ho r u doing? 21:08:54 juand_2626: goo 21:08:56 juand_2626: and u? 21:09:09 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: could u tell me sth about Harlem Renaissance 21:09:14 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: im good 21:09:24 juand_2626: well 21:09:58 juand_2626: during the 1930's harlem was a black neighborhood 21:10:03 juand_2626: very prosperous 21:10:14 juand_2626: then 21:10:23 juand_2626: in the 1960 racial riots 21:10:33 juand_2626: devastated the area 21:10:54 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: what does Harlem Renaissance mean? 21:11:07 uand_2626: in the 1990 the city decided to bring Harlem back 21:11:29 juand_2626: and gave incentives for businesses and people to move back 21:11:39 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: what do they do in this event? 21:11:48 juand_2626: I am explaining 21:12:14 juand_2626: the neighborhood benefit for an influx of businesses and new people 21:12:19 juand_2626: people with money 21:12:25 juand_2626: and middle class 21:12:35 juand_2626: theaters 21:12:3 7 juand_2626: clubs 21:12:41 juand_2626: restaurants 21:12:45 juand_2626: churches 21:12:47 juand_2626: schools 21:12:56 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: i see 1:13:10 juand_2626: Now, Harlem is one of the best areas in New York City Tin nh? n nhanh 21:19:42, 17 thg 3, 2013 21:13:21 juand_2626: this is known as Harlem Renaissance 21:13:30 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: Hailem is a place? 21:13:42 juand_2626: yes 21:13:52 juand_2626: It is loctaed in Manhattan 21:14:03 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: And what does Renaissance mean? 21:14:16 juand_2626: Renaissance means a new beggining 21:14:34 juand_2626: to go back to its former glory 21:15:05 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: i see 21:15:51 juand_2626: u in dorm? 21:16:27 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: yes 21:16:36 inhnuimayphu_ngannam: jhon 21:16:45 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: how about Village Halloween Parade? 21:16:52 juand_2626: oh Boy 21:17:02 juand_2626: do you know what is Halloween? 21:17:10 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: yes 21:17:13 juand_2626: ok 21:17:28 juand_2626: We have a neighborhood call the West Village 21:17:34 juand_2626: located in Manhattan 21:17:38 juand_2626: every year 21:17:45 juand_2626: during Halloween 21:17:51 juand_2626: there is a Big Parade 21:17:57 juand_2626: a lot of fun 21:17:57 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: i see 21:18:13 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: then? 21:18:38 uand_2626: people get costumes 21:18:57 juand_2626: and go into the parade 21:19:00 juand_2626: and then 21:19:07 juand_2626: they party until the morning 21:19:27 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: until the moorning 21:19:42 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: have u ever paticipate in this parade? Tin nh? n nhanh 21:29:57, 17 thg 3, 2013 21:19:48 juand_2626: several times 21:19:54 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: good 21:20:05 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: i wish i could do that 21:20:16 juand_2626: u would love it 21:20:26 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: What i the meaning of the Parede ? 21:21:11 juand_2626: just fun 21:21:24 uand_2626: Halloween is the celebration of the fall solstice 21:21:32 juand_2626: or witches season 21:22:24 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: oh 21:22:40 juand_2626: how many roommates with u? 21:22:52 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: and Summer Stage? 21:23:00 juand_2626: go to the beach 21:23:02 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: 2 21:23:08 juand_2626: always 2 21:23:14 juand_2626: very strange 21:24:17 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: ? 21:24:24 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: strange? 21:24:30 juand_2626: just kidding 21:24:33 juand_2626: anyway 21:24:47 juand_2626: Halloween is a great american tradition 21:24:50 juand_2626: fun for kids 1:25:18 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: and adult too 21:25:37 juand_2626: at least in New York City 21:25:55 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: can i see u? 21:26:04 juand_2626: u 1st 21:27:13 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: lol 21:29:13 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: good looking 21:29:27 juand_2626: how u like new york city so far? 21:29:45 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: yes 21:29:57 juand_2626: it is expensive Tin nh? n nhanh 21:36:44, 17 thg 3, 2013 21:30:06 juand_2626: but it is a great place 21:30:17 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: i like ur mistress 21:30:27 juand_2626: she is wonderfull 21:30:32 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: yes 1:31:11 juand_2626: what u like best? 21:31:19 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: English 21:31:21 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: lol 21:31:33 juand_2626: so many languages? 21:31:43 juand_2626: english only one of them 21:32:02 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: Enlish is the most popular language 21:32:11 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: let see 21:32:25 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: My old roomates 21:32:36 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: they are good at English 21:32:44 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: and critized me 21:33:16 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: then i learn English 21:33:21 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: and meet u 21:33:25 juand_2626: well 21:33:36 uand_2626: english is a good thing for u 21:33:51 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: good for my future job 21:34:04 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: but i need ur help 21:34:36 juand_2626: u doing good by yourself 21:35:18 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: no 21:35:21 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: im not 21:35:52 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: Im glad i make som e of my old roomates admire 21:36:16 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: because of English and many other thing 21:36:23 juand_2626: yes 21:36:30 juand_2626: u wearing jeans? 21:36:36 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: no 21:36:42 juand_2626: too bad 21:36:44 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: but Tin nh? nhanh 21:43:38, 17 thg 3, 2013 21:36:51 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: no 21:36:57 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: u want to see me? 21:37:04 juand_2626: if it is ok with u 21:37:36 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: im going to school 21:37:57 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: after finish homework 21:38:12 juand_2626: change underwears too 21:38:18 juand_2626: go fresh to school 21:38:50 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: ok 21:39:18 juand_2626: watching 21:39:24 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: ok 21:39:30 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: just for u 21:40:55 juand_2626: 21:41:07 juand_2626: oops 21:41:09 juand_2626: cam off 21:41:11 juand_2626: lol 1:41:56 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: sorry 21:41:59 juand_2626: lol 21:42:02 juand_2626: it was good 21:42:02 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: done 21:42: 10 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: unfortunately 21:42:11 juand_2626: u go to school now? 21:42:26 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: i have not finished homework yet 21:42:36 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: ur cam plz 21:42:49 juand_2626: i have to go to bed 21:42:51 juand_2626: tomorrow 21:42:56 juand_2626: long day 21:43:02 juand_2626: u have any more questions? 21:43:09 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: yes 21:43:33 dinhnuimayphu_ngannam: thx for what u answer 21:43:38 juand_2626: ok

Where is Cole Group vulnerable? What should it watch out for?

Question 2: Where is Cole Group vulnerable? What should it watch out for? As a company with millions of customer throughout 2, 900 stores, The Coles Group certainly be one of the top companies in Australia and New Zealand. However, it has lost its market share to the more enhanced and focused Woolworths company. The loyalty program battleground between two companies seemed more advantages over the Woolworths side since it gained 40% of market share with less on 50% advertising spending. There are some possible problems the Coles Group has to consider while managing its broad relationship marketing programs.First, their customer may find it very difficult to understand and remember all the complexity of saving points promotion. Second, it may cost even more in advertising and marketing to inform the customer all the benefits they can get from the diverse collection of Coles Group promotions. People are confused to count all the points, discount, actual value they can get from the FlyB uys card. On the other hand, The Woolworths offered the simple, logical program of discounts points via WoolworthsCredit Card, so the Woolworths can deliver these loyalty programs to the customer better. Moreover, with millions of members through FlyBuys and Coles Group Source MasterCard, the system may misreport the reward points for the customer and cause some serious customer complaints.References:Bianca Hartge-Hazelman. (2012, 11 July). The loyalty program battle ground .The Australian Financial Review. Retrieved 11 July 2012 from http://www.afr.com/p/personal_finance/portfolio/the_loyalty_program_battle_ground_4hwbD00hKdMWP6verYnLpN Madeleine Ross(2012, 7 Dec). Coles vs Woolworths: Who's winning?. Bandt.com.au. Retrieved 11 July 2012 from http://www.bandt.com.au/features/coles-vs-woolworths-the-battle-of-the-mega-marts http://wps.pearsoned.com.au/au_be_kotler_mktgmgt_1/85/21977/5626312.cw/-/5626314/index.html References cá » §a Case Coles Group. (2007). Welcome to Coles Group Limited. 1 November 2007, from http://www.colesgroup.com.au/Home/ Fenner, R. (2006, 31 July). Coles plans comeback to recoup market share [Electronic Version]. Retrieved 3 November 2007 from http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/07/31/bloomberg/sxcoles.php. Fenner, R., & Choudhury, A. (2006, 13 March). Coles Myer to offload its department stores [Electronic Version]. International Herald Tribune. Retrieved 1 November 2007 from http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/03/13/bloomberg/sxcoles.php. FlyBuys. (2007). Frequent Questions [Electronic Version]. Retrieved 1 November 2007 from https://www.flybuys.com.au/flybuys/content/information/faq.html. Howarth, B. (2007, 3 October). Beer and nappies and so much more [Electronic Version]. The Age. Retrieved 1 November 2007 from http://www.smh.com.au/news/businessinnovations/beer-and-nappies-and-so-much-more/2007/10/22/1192941044453.html. smh.com.au. (2004, 19 July). Woolworths reports $27.9b annual sales [Electronic Version]. Retrieved 1 November 2007 from http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/07/19/1090089068573.html?from=storylhs. Woolworths. (2007). The fresh food people. Retrieved 3 November, 2007, from http://www.woolworths.com.au/

Crap on a stick

Modern adaptations of Oliver Twist' have highly lacked In detail and In context making Charles Dickens' original novel a better text. Big film Industries have tried to make their Oliver Twist movies as interesting as they possibly could to entertain a wide variety of audiences, many agree that these ‘remakes' are entertaining but it is Dickens who displays characterization, setting and plot in a far more in-depth way to ensure that his work remains the best.Overall, modern remakes of Oliver Twist fail to capture the audience's attention as much as Charles Dickens' classic did. Argument 1 – Characterization Dickens and Glycerol both portray Oliver Twist as a young and feeble pauper, but It is Dickens' expert use of Victorian aged language and vocabulary that takes the reader to a whole new universe when imaging Oliver or any other character.Geodesic represents Oliver precisely how it is written in the book, yet Goodlier describes him in a way that can be easily interprete d by young audiences, her way of depicting Oliver can be understood by younger viewers but Dickens' original description of Oliver overruns any other film reinvention portrayal. This can be clearly seen when; the actor of Oliver Twist (TV series, 2007) Is flirts Introduced, originally In the manuscript Oliver is described as a â€Å"young, pale and thin individual† (Dickens.C ‘Oliver Twist', pig 5) but Geodesy's representation of Oliver portrays him as a young child who does not seem physically ill and is actually seen quite healthy even though it is clearly written in the book that he was a thin child. The characterization of a character In a film should be the same as the one given in the text, Glycerol's TV rise falls to execute how Oliver Is depicted In the novel and shows a boy who does not look like he is suffering from malnutrition but in fact shown a child who is rather healthy.Therefore, Dickens' way to describe Oliver provides highly more descriptive features than Coeditor's TV series. Argument 2- Setting The setting within Coeditor's 2007 Oliver Twist TV series shows the Victorian times to be quite luminous and glary, but in fact Dickens' novel specifies that the weather was dark and blustery. In the Victorian Era, it was very rare to have a sunlit day, most molly; the weather In London was very wet and foggy, Glycerol's TV series has shown us that the conditions in the Victorian period were ‘sunny with a chance of a light shower'.Evidence of this can be clearly seen when Dickens wrote â€Å"the weather is rarely kind to the slums of London. † (Dickens C. ‘Oliver Twist' Chapter the Eighth pig. 68) Goodlier could have effortlessly used this information to make her TV series realistic in context and In setting. Dickens text has a realistic setting and makes It unsuccessfully as she has made the lighting and weather more suitable for camera thou considering how it is written and described in the novel. Clearly, Goodlier should have referred back to Dickens' ‘Oliver Twist' when directing the setting for her TV series.Argument 3 – Plot/Storyline Dickens' adept knowledge of descriptive language and vocabulary make his text exceedingly detailed and allow the reader to use their imagination when exploring though the non-fictional world of ‘Oliver Twist'. Dickens extensive use of detail within ‘Oliver Twist' makes the plot clearer to understand so the reader finds less trouble to empowered with the book, Geodesic attempts to apply this to her TV series but instead of using detail within the storyline she makes the whole series succinct so the viewer only gets a faint picture and not the whole overview like Dickens' classic does.One incident of this occurs when, Dickens wrote â€Å"five pounds to anyone who takes this boy from our hands said Mr. Bumble†, (Dickens C. Chapter the fourth pig. 30) this clearly states that Mr. bumble was going to pay someone five pounds, yet, in Coeditor's TV series Mr. bumble is shown charging Mr. Sugarberry money for the poor ay.This evidence is a clear example that Goodlier applies little knowledge about the book into her show, not knowing this crucial information can leave the audience with the understanding that Mr. Bumble charged Mr. Sugarberry when he should have given him the five pounds. Therefore, Goodlier has enforced little detail within her storyline which could in some instance confuse viewers. Conclusion Overall, an examination of the characters, setting and plot indicate that Dickens' original novel supersedes any other film remakes and adaptations.It is obvious that Dickens' effective way to show language, his knowledge of characterization and his capability create a world that explores the history of the Victorian Era in such a way that draws the reader to want to know more about those times and as well as the great story of ‘Oliver Twist'. Even Coeditor's succinct TV series could not match the powe r of Dickens' in depth understanding of the Victorian period. It is evident that, Dickens' authentic masterpiece ‘Oliver Twist' overrules any other contemporary film reinventions and alterations.

Broken Education, Broken Future

The Broken Windows Theory, first introduced in 1982, asserts that disorder and crime are connected and that disorder can negatively impact society, leading to a high incidence rate of crimes, both misdemeanors and felonies. Through order-maintenance policing, disorder can be controlled, creating a safe and orderly atmosphere, instilling trust between law enforcement and civilians, and the crime rate can be maintained at a low rate. While there is evidence that correlation between Broken Windows policing†¦ Is Britain a broken society? Is Britain broken? Well it is a matter of opinion. I for one believe that in some aspects it is but in others it could not be better. For example, Amelia Gentleman of The Economist website recently conducted an interview with an undertaker in her town. â€Å"Since the beginning of the year, Cuthbertson (the undertaker) has presided over 20 funerals at his church in Easterhouse, in the east end of Glasgow: five of them drug-related deaths, the others triggered by lung cancers†¦ The Broken System Suffering and being neglected on a daily basis is not something someone has to ever encounter. The foster care system is failing because of all of the flaws that exist which results in the harm of bringing down innocent children. The state of Florida has been the first state to ever make all foster care privatized. While the foster care system in Florida is able to get many children adopted, many several of them also suffer from permanent health issues because of the broken system†¦ Death Penalty – Broken System Jorge Lozano Jr. ITT Tech CJ2799 - Criminology and Forensic Technology Capstone Project CJ2799 March 10, 2015 Mr. Gonzales Death Penalty – Broken System The U.S. Constitution and Supreme Court deemed that capital punishment is acceptable when the severity of the sentence was appropriate to the crime. Thirty Seven states still allow the death penalty to be carried out. The systems process is not consistent throughout the states. The states need to become†¦ do about it? When parents split up, there can be many emotions that a youth may have to deal with. These feelings, internalized or expressed, will result in certain behavior that will possibly affect to the youth’s outlook in life. Being a broken hurts! It is the collapse of a God intended design. Children can get robbed of a special experience and protection called "Family". They move on in their lives as individuals without the understanding of what familial security and bond is. They look†¦ CPS: A Broken System Jack was a happy and healthy nine-month old baby boy. He had white-blond peach fuzz growing on his round little head and bright, blue, inquisitive eyes. He was the first grandchild in his family and was adored by his parents, grandparents, aunts, and uncles alike. His father, Thomas, was an extremely busy young man. He was a college student who worked full-time and an Army Reservist. When Baby Jack’s mother, Misty, went on a trip, his daddy asked her brother and his wife†¦ The class was tuning their instruments, each string one by one. While the teacher was in the midst of fixing a broken string, which seemingly never did get fully repaired, the phone rang. First once, then twice. The class got silent, as if it was a matter of life or death. Instantly, I knew it was for me. i closed my eyes, in fear that I would start to cry. The ringing stops abruptly, I can hear the mumble of the teacher 's words while on the phone upfront. Its as if my hearing became muffled, almost†¦ forces a child to grow up in a broken home, it can change the way a child feels towards one parent, they may have problems maintaining healthy relationships with people, and it may just change the way they view marriage as a whole. Personally my parents were never married but the effects of their separation on me where the same as if they were divorced. Growing up in a broken home is not a healthy way for a child to grow up. What exactly is a broken home? A broken home is a household where both†¦ questions these abnormal traits as if they are temporary, however, they are innate and therefore, cannot be changed. Cathy Davidson’s, Project Classroom Makeover, talks about how hierarchies have created a broken education system whose educational standards do not provide customized education to every student. On the other hand, Son by Andrew Solomon is about the false dichotomy of using illness to obscure identity and vice versa. Solomon’s axis of identity can be used to understand Davidson’s hierarchies†¦ take a stand against the lack of teaching going on in his class (Broderick). Across America, young people are being short changed due to a broken education system. Bliss is just one example of the shared frustration felt by students. In an interview, Jeff said one of his key points is the fact that it's not just about his education, it's about our education. "If we embrace this, I feel as if we can make a serious change and a positive change. But if we just want to ignore and push this to the side†¦